NURS-6521N Advanced Pharmacology
Week 1: Basic Pharmacotherapeutic Concepts/Ethical and Legal Aspects of Prescribing
To prepare:
- Review the Resources for this module and consider the principles of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
- Reflect on your experiences, observations, and/or clinical practices from the last 5 years and think about how pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors altered his or her anticipated response to a drug.
- Consider factors that might have influenced the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes, such as genetics (including pharmacogenetics), gender, ethnicity, age, behavior, and/or possible pathophysiological changes due to disease.
- Think about a personalized plan of care based on these influencing factors and patient history in your case study.
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Post a description of the patient case from your experiences, observations, and/or clinical practice from the last 5 years. Then, describe factors that might have influenced pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes of the patient you identified. Finally, explain details of the personalized plan of care that you would develop based on influencing factors and patient history in your case. Be specific and provide examples.
Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:
- Explain how the factor you selected might influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient from the case study you were assigned.
- Describe how changes in the processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy. Be specific and provide examples.
- Explain how you might improve the patient’s drug therapy plan and explain why you would make these recommended improvements.
Week 5: Endocrine System Disorders and the Treatment of Diabetes - To Prepare:
- Review the Resources for this module and reflect on differences between types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes.
- Select one type of diabetes to focus on for this Discussion.
- Consider one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected, including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Then, reflect on dietary considerations related to treatment.
- Think about the short-term and long-term impact of the diabetes you selected on patients, including effects of drug treatments.
- Post a brief explanation of the differences between the types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes. Describe one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected, including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Be sure to include dietary considerations related to treatment. Then, explain the short-term and long-term impact of this type of diabetes on patients. including effects of drug treatments. Be specific and provide examples.
Week 8: Pharmacology for Psychological Disorders
To Prepare:
- Review the Resources for this module and consider the principles of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
- Reflect on your experiences, observations, and/or clinical practices from the last 5 years and think about how pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors altered his or her anticipated response to a drug.
- Consider factors that might have influenced the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes, such as genetics (including pharmacogenetics), gender, ethnicity, age, behavior, and/or possible pathophysiological changes due to disease.
- Think about a personalized plan of care based on these influencing factors and patient history with GAD.
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Post a discussion of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics related to anxiolytic medications used to treat GAD. In your discussion, utilizing the discussion highlights, compare and contrast different treatment options that can be used.
Write a 1-page paper that addresses the following:
- Explain your diagnosis for the patient, including your rationale for the diagnosis.
- Describe an appropriate drug therapy plan based on the patient’s history, diagnosis, and drugs currently prescribed.
- Justify why you would recommend this drug therapy plan for this patient. Be specific and provide examples.
Week 10: Women’s and Men’s Health/Infections and Hematologic Systems, Part II
- Review the Resources for this module and reflect on the different health needs and body systems presented.
- Your Instructor will assign you a complex case study to focus on for this Discussion.Links to an external site.
- Consider how you will practice critical decision making for prescribing appropriate drugs and treatment to address the complex patient health needs in the patient case study you selected.
- Post a brief description of your patient’s health needs from the patient case study you assigned. Be specific. Then, explain the type of treatment regimen you would recommend for treating your patient, including the choice or pharmacotherapeutics you would recommend and explain why. Be sure to justify your response. Explain a patient education strategy you might recommend for assisting your patient with the management of their health needs. Be specific and provide examples.
NURS-6521N Advanced Pharmacology
NURS-6521N Advanced Pharmacology
Week 1: Discussion PREVIEW
As a nurse you are expected to know how medication affects the body. We administer medication in different routes and understand that certain routes work the fastest. The science of pharmacokinetics examines how drugs flow through the body through the four phases absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021). I was involved with the caring for a 50-year-old male patient with a history of ESRD, uncontrolled hypertension and diabetes who recently had a kidney transplant. There are precautions in prescribing and administering medications to newly transplant patient. It is understood that the kidneys help filters the medication and help eliminate the medication from the body. After a successful kidney transplant the plan would be to monitor the patient kidney function test, intake and output including food intake, and the surgical wound for potential infection. Most importantly the patient will require one on one care for 24 hours after surgery.
Week 5: Discussion Preview
Post a brief explanation of the differences between the types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes.
Diabetes affects around 30 million people in the United States. As the number of persons diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in the United States rises, a pandemic of the disease is brewing (CDC, 2017). Diabetes types 1 and 2 are the most common types of diabetes. The vast majority of those diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in the United States are children. Type 1 diabetes affects children more than adults. People with type 1 diabetes have an immune system that attacks and destroys the pancreatic beta cells that produce insulin. When a person develops type 1 diabetes, their insulin levels plummet to zero and remain there indefinitely (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2018). Diabetes is estimated to affect 22 million people in the United States, with an additional 8 million undiagnosed cases. The most common form of diabetes, type 2, affects the vast majority of people (CDC, 2017). Because type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed in middle age or later, the term “juvenile diabetes” is gaining popularity. Diabetes is more likely to develop during pregnancy in women who have never had it before. If a mother with high blood sugar levels has a baby weighing more than usual, she will need to have a cesarean section performed. If the mother and fetus want to lower their chances of having preeclampsia, which can be caused by gestational diabetes, they must take precautions to prevent the illness from starting
Week 8: Discussion PREVIEW
Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics Discussion
Anxiety disorders are widely recognized as the most prevalent kind of mental illness. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of anxiolytic medicines are, hence, of paramount importance. Anti-depressants, sedatives, and gabapentinoids are among the most often prescribed drugs for people with GAD. Drugs like benzodiazepines have a higher plasma concentration after being absorbed. The plasma concentration drops as the drug travels through the circulatory system and into organs like the liver and skeletal muscles. The drug’s excretion rate and patient characteristics affect how much medicine is currently in circulation (Chen et al., 2018). Fast-acting drugs, for instance, would have almost immediate results for the patient. In contrast, it may take a while for people with GAD to feel the effects of slow-acting benzodiazepines. Patients with hypoalbuminemia are more likely to feel the effects of benzodiazepines because of the drug’s common properties of strongly binding to proteins and being highly soluble in lipids (Chen et al., 2018).
The first half-life of benzodiazepines is the rate at which the drug is eliminated from the body after it has been taken. In contrast, the second half-life is affected by the reduction in plasma concentration caused by the drug’s relocation from the central to the adipose tissue (). When the body’s distribution has stabilized, most benzodiazepines (about 95%) are found in the tissues (). Very high plasma levels of the drug, brought on by a dosing interval shorter than the distribution phase